Coal breaking machine



Oct. 12, 1937.

H. G. HQPE COAL BREAKING MACHINE Filed Jan. 213;, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 12, 1937. H. G. HOPE 2,095,601

l COAL BREAKING MACHINE Filed Jan. 24, 1956 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Oct. 12, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ooAL BREAKING MACHINE Henry Gordon Hope, Swansea, Wales Application January 24, 1936, Serial No. 60,713 f In Great Britain February 2, 1935 7 Claims. (Cl. 83-52) The present invention concerns improvements vibratory screen 2 is supported between the in or relating to coal breaking machines, of the cheeks I on links 3 so that it slopes downwardly type (hereinafter referred to as the type specified) from beneath the feed chute to the opposite end in which a screen is used to convey coal to a of the frame, lateral guides 4 being provided to 5 breaking device. prevent the coal from falling off the sides of the 5 It is customary in machines of the type speciscreen. ed to break the coal by means of toothed break- Adjacent each end of the screen 2 there is dising devices which press the coal on to the screen posed a pair of cao-operating breaking elements. which latter thus acts as one of the breaking Each element comprises a base 5 having several elements.v Such an arrangement is apt to result rows of tapered teeth 6 which extend across the 10 in the production of an unduly large amount of width of the screen, the teeth of the lower elevery small coal because when the coal is delivered ment of a pair being so disposed that they pass on to the screen the small pieces sink to the botbetween the longitudinal members 2a, of the tom with the large pieces vriding on top of them, Screen 2 at an area devoid of transverse members and consequently the small pieces are crushed to 2b when the screen moves to its lowest position. 15 very small pieces between the large pieces and the The upper and lower elements are slidably enscreen before the pressure is suflicient to break gaged by their ends in guideways I formed in the large pieces; if it happens that there are no small cheeks I and extending substantially perpendicupieces under a large piece but the under side of a lar to the plane of the screen 2, the base portions 2o large piece comprises irregular projections then 5 of the lower elements being supported resilient- 20 these projections are apt to be crushed into very ly by means of springs 8 engaging brackets 9 small pieces before the main body of the large on the cheeks I. The teeth 6 of the upper 61- piece is broken. Such very small coal has a poor ment of a pair do not at any time pass through market value. the screen 2 and are preferably arranged to regisi The main object of the present invention is to ter with the corresponding teeth of the lower ele- 25 provide a construction in which these undesirable ment of the pair, the spacings of the teeth on conditions do not occur at least to any large the elements near the lower end of the screen 2 extent. being smaller than those of the elements near One feature of the invention is a coal breaking the upper end of the screen. machine of the type specied comprising a screen, The upper element of each pair of co-operating 30 a lower toothed breaking element the teeth of breaking elements is connected by connecting which are arranged to penetrate the screen, and rods IU to cranks II on a crank shaft I2 extendan upper breaking element arranged to press ing transversely above and supported by the upon and break coal that rests upon the top of cheeks I, each crank shaft carrying a flywheel I3 the teeth of the lower element while they project at one end. When rotated by suitable means (not 35 above the screen. Shown) the crank shafts I2 cause the upper The invention will become more fully apparent breaking elements to reciprocate in the guideways to those skilled in the art from the following de- 'I and one of said shafts also imparts the necesscription of one construction of coal breaking sary vibratory cr jigging movement to the4 screen 40 machine illustrative of the invention, reference 2 by means of link connections I6, shown asso- 40 being made to the accompanying drawings, in ciated with the right-hand breaking elements in which:- l Fig. 1 and connecting the lower pivoted ends of Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section taken' on the the connecting rods IU and links 3. As can be line C-D of Fig. 3, seen from Fig. 3 the connecting rods Ill and links Fig. 2 is a similar view of an additional unit 3 are pivoted to the upper breaking elements 5, 6 45 which may be employed with the machine shown and the screen 2, respectively, by means of shafts in Fig. 1, and K I5 the lower end of which extends at its ends Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on the line through slots I formed in the cheeks I. Due to A-B of Fig. 1. the connections I4, the screen 2 is oscillated about The illustrative construction comprises two the pivots for the upper ends of the links 3, this 50 cheek members I which are spaced apart to oscillatory movement taking place in timed relaconstitute a frame having an outlet at the bottom tion to the reciprocatory movements of the upper for broken coal and between which at the rightbreaking elements 5, 6, so that the screen is hand end, as seen in Fig. l, coal to be broken is moved forwardly (i. e. to the left in Fig. 1) and delilleled from .El leed Chute (not shown), A upwardly as the upper breaking elements are 55 Vmoved upwardly. In the course of its forward through the feed chute (not illustrated) on to the upper end of the screen 2 and by reason of the slope of the screen and the vibratory or oscillatory movement thereof it travels downwardly along the screen. When'the coal arrives at the breaking locations, each downward and rearward movement of the screen leaves those pieces of coal which are too large to pass between the teeth 6 of the lower breaking elements straddling the points of the said teeth in position for the upper teeth, which are then descending, to act with full force on these large pieces and break them. n

The breaking elements then separate and the consequent forward and upward movement of the screen displaces the broken coal towards the lower end of `the screen and brings a fresh supply of coal to be broken above the lower breaking elements. During their travel along the screenv those pieces of coal which are small enough fall through the screen.

l In this way the coal is broken without an undue amount of very small pieces.

If desired there could be only one breaking location or more than two breaking locations. In `theriirst case the coal-breaking unit would be of Ysubstantially the same construction as the additional unit shown in Fig. 2, and in the second case either such an additional unit may be detachably connected to the main unit shown in Fig. 1 or the, main unit may be constructed initially with the required number of breaking locations. Y,

The unit shown in Fig. 2 does not require detailed description as the same reference numerals are` employed here as have been used to'denote similar parts in Figs. l and 3. The upper end of the screen 2 of the additional unit is arranged tov extend beneath the lower end Vof the main screen 2, so that it may collectany coal leaving` the latter, and the teeth 6 ofthe additional breaking elements are more closely spaced than those at the lower location in the main unit.

When the coal to be broken is comparatively soft and bulky it is preferred to reciprocate the lower elements of the pairs of co-operating breaking elements oppositely to the upper elements of these pairs, i. e. so that the upper and lower elements of a pair are positively moved towards and away from each other, for example the lower elements being operated by means of connecting rods from additional cranks provided on the crank shafts I2 at 180 from the cranks Il ,operating the upper elements.

It is preferred, in all the coal breaking machines according to this invention, to construct the link connections 3and I4 in suchV aV manner that they can yield resiliently should pieces of material, such as fragments of castings, which are harder than those materials with which the vmachines are intended to deal, pass through the breaking locations.

What I claim is:-

l. A coal breaking machine comprising co-operating upper and lower toothed breaking elements, a screen located between said elements for supporting and conveying coal, means for producing relative movement of the said elements towards V'and from each other and means for producing relative movement between the screen and the lower breaking element to cause the teeth of the latter to project through the screen during the periods in which the breaking elements move towards each other.

2. A coal breaking machine comprising co-operating upper and lower toothed breaking elements, an oscillatably mounted screen extending between said elements for supporting and conveying coal, means for reciprocating the upper breaking element towards and from the screen and means for oscillating the screen in timed relation to the movements of the upper breaking element to cause the teeth of the lower breaking element to project through the screen during each movement of the upper breaking element towards the latter.

3. A coal breaking machine comprising co-operating upper Vand lower toothed breaking elements, a screen extending between said elements for supporting and conveying coal, means for reciprocating the upper breaking element toward and from the screen and means for moving the screen to a lower level than the points of the teeth on the lower breaking element each time that the upper breaking element is moved towards the screen.

4. A' coal breaking machine comprising a screen for supporting and conveying coal, an upper breaking element reciprocably mounted above a portion of said screen, teeth secured on said element with their operative points directed downwardly, a lower breaking element reciprocably mounted beneath the said screen portion, teeth secured on said lower breaking element with their operative points directed upwardly, means for causing relative movement of the upper and lower breaking elements towards and from each other and means for moving the'screen to a lower level than the operative points of the teeth of the lower breaking element as the distance between the latter and the upper breaking element is reduced.

5. A coal breaking machine comprising an inclined screen for supporting and conveying coal,

a lower breaking element having teeth directed upwardly towards the screen, means for producing relative oscillatory motion between the said screen and lower breaking element, such motion including a component whereby the screen is moved substantially in the direction of its length and a component whereby the screen and breaking element have a relative movement substantially in the direction of the teeth of the said element so that the said teeth periodically project through the said screen, an upper breaking element having teeth directed towards those of the lower breaking element and means for moving the said upper element towards the screen as the teeth of the lower element project therethrough.

6. A coal breaking machine comprising an upper toothed breaking element, an inclined screen arranged beneath said element for supporting and conveying coal, means for oscillatably supporting said screen, means for reciprocating the upper breaking element towards and from the screen, an operative connection from the said element to the screen for causing oscillatory movement of the latter having a downward component upon each movement of the said element towards the screen, and a lower toothed breaking element arranged beneath the screen so that its teeth project through the latter upon each downward movement thereof.

'7. A coal breaking machine comprising a cause a downward oscillation thereof at each movement of the element towards the screen and a lower toothed breaking element located beneath the screen so that its teeth project therethrough at each .downward oscillation of 5 the screen.

HENRY GORDON HOPE. 

